Photo courtesy NASA

What Is Climate Change?

By Becky Ham

John Holdren, President Obama's top science adviser and climate change expert, puts it like this:

“The Earth has a fever.”

A majority of the world’s climate scientists agree that human activities like burning coal and gas have thrown up a blanket of pollution that has been warming our planet since 1750. The increase in the Earth’s average temperature is the most obvious sign of global climate change, but other symptoms such as shrinking glaciers, rising seas, and extreme changes in rainfall are affecting nations worldwide.

Climate change means something different to a ranch in Wyoming and a resort hotel in Florida.  You already may be feeling the fever in your own community. Maybe your nearby forest is unraveling at its edges, shrunken by drought and fire. Or maybe it’s something as simple as missing the finches that used to migrate to your porch feeder, but no longer pay a winter visit. From wild lands to wildlife, climate change touches every backyard.

While world leaders look for ways to slow warming, The Conservation Fund is already at work in your backyard, using some of our best-tested tools to preserve your land, your water, your livelihood and your nation’s natural treasures.

Global Problem, Local Solutions:
The Fund's Work And Climate Change

The threat may be global in scope, but the Fund is a local partner when it comes to meeting the challenges of climate change. Here are some of the ways we're working on curbing the effects of climate change: 

Capturing Carbon

  • Sustainable Forest Management: Since 2004, we have purchased 40,000 acres of forest land in California’s North Coast region. The properties were among the first and largest to receive verification of its carbon offsets by the California Climate Action Registry. The towering redwoods store more carbon per acre than any other forest type on Earth. Sustainable forest management of this forest enables the storage of more than 77,000 tons of carbon emissions annually, which is the equivalent of taking more than 14,000 cars off the road every year.

  • Go Zero®: Our Go Zero program is planting native trees to restore the woodlands of the Lower Mississippi River Valley. The restored forests soak up carbon dioxide emissions, filter water, control flooding downstream, and create new habitat for wildlife. 

  • Carbon Project Development: A market leader in carbon sequestration, we have restored 20,000 acres and planted 6 million trees that will capture an estimated 7.2 million tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere over their lifetime.

Protecting Unique Habitats

  • Climate change can splinter a habitat in ways that threaten the survival of species that call it home. Our acquisition of 16,000 acres of forestlands in California’s North Coast ensures that the redwood and Douglas fir forests surrounding Garcia River, Big River and Salmon Creek will be permanently protected from fragmentation and development.

  • The forests of the American South shelter an amazing collection of plants and animals, equal to the variety found in a tropical rainforest. In South Carolina, we have helped preserve one of these forests in the Woodbury and Hamilton Ridge Forestlands. Development and climate change are shrinking the woodlands, but the conservation area is now a safe haven for the Kentucky warbler, rusty blackbird and others.

  • The South Fork of the Snake River in Idaho supports the largest native Yellowstone cutthroat trout fishery outside of Yellowstone National Park, produces half the bald eagles in Idaho, and provides a habitat for imperiled species like the Columbian sharp-tailed grouse. In 2009, we assisted with land purchases in the Fork to protect hundreds of acres for these unique animals, while opening new travel corridors for elk and mule deer that have had their migration routes disrupted by warming temperatures.

Creating Corridors

  • Climate change and development have reduced the historic ranges of some species to a handful of isolated populations at risk of becoming locally extinct. Projects such as our Mississippi River Revolving Fund, which helps purchase land along the main stem of the river and its important tributaries, create wildlife corridors that knit together fragmented families of Mississippi plants and animals.

  • As global temperatures rise, birds must find new “stopover” places along their migration routes to winter and breeding grounds. At places like Texas’ Big Thicket National Preserve—the “biological crossroads of North America”—the Fund and its partners have permanently protected more than 40,000 acres of bottomland hardwood forest and bayou as a refuge for hundreds of waterfowl and songbirds.

  • Thanks to warming temperatures, grizzly bears are ranging farther north than ever before. On Montana’s Rocky Mountain Front, we work with local ranchers to provide new travel corridors for the bears as they move from the mountains to the plains. In the first year of an unprecedented five-year project, the Fund and its partners protected 21,274 acres of critical migratory routes for the grizzly and other wildlife.

Supporting Landscape Services

  • In 2008, we opened the Pineywoods Mitigation Bank to preserve 19,000 acres along Texas’ Neches River. Mitigation credits sold to oil and gas exploration companies through the bank will help preserve wetland areas that absorb the impact of hurricanes and seasonal floods, both of which are expected to increase in number and ferocity as global temperatures rise.

  • Forest fires—stronger and more frequent than in past years—are one potential impact of global climate change that will be felt at the local level. In the American South, the waxy and fire-resistant longleaf pine could insulate communities from devastating burns. We are working with America’s Longleaf Initiative to map the region’s remaining longleaf stands—and suggest ways to restore the forest across its historic range.

  • What to develop and what to conserve? Our Green Infrastructure program can help communities facing drought, encroaching wildlife and the loss of recreation areas brought on by climate change. In Cecil County, Maryland, we showed county officials how to build a network of natural areas to protect 94 percent of its wetlands and 75 percent of its forests. The protected areas provide clean air, water and flood control—an estimated $1.7 billion in ecosystem services each year.

Single Frog.

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Did You Know?

energy saver and traditional light bulb comparisonBright Idea: If every American replaced one incandescent light bulb with a compact fluorescent bulb next year, the decrease in pollution would be equal to taking nearly a million cars off the road.

More facts >>

Useful Resources

There's a lot out there about climate change, how do you know where to look for answers? We've put a list together a list of links to useful resources for you.

Glossary

The "climate conversation" has its own vocabulary. Click here for definitions of frequently used terms.

Interactive Map

Check out the new state-of-the-art map and website that visualizes future scenarios in the Chesapeake Bay area where the water level has risen about one foot, nearly twice the global average.

 

Spotlight: Garcia River Forest

Garcia River ForestThe Garcia River Forest—a Conservation Fund-owned forest on California’s North Coast—became one of the first forests —and the largest—recognized by the California Climate Action Registry as a certified source of carbon credits.
Read more »

Help Us Restore Forestland

Louisiana black bear cubDonate now to help us restore 2,600 acres of forestland in the Upper Ouachita National Wildlife Refuge. As the the trees grow, they’ll help improve water quality, provide much needed habitat and decrease floods in communities downstream. Learn more.